REGISTERED NUMBER: 08109449 (England and Wales)

QUALITY METAL PRODUCTS LIMITED

STRATEGIC REPORT, REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS AND

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 JANUARY 2026

Page

Company Information

1

Strategic Report

2

Report of the Directors

3

Report of the Independent Auditors

5

Income Statement

8

Other Comprehensive Income

9

Balance Sheet

10

Statement of Changes in Equity

11

Cash Flow Statement

12

Notes to the Cash Flow Statement

13

Notes to the Financial Statements

14

DIRECTORS:

Mr P.J. Hargreaves

Mr C J G Hargreaves

Mr N.G. Higgitt

Mr M R Quick

Mr A J Robinson

Mr S B Scott

Mr G.A. Scott

Mrs T Hargreaves

Mrs S J Higgitt

SECRETARY:

Mr M R Quick

REGISTERED OFFICE:

15-17 Church Street

Stourbridge

West Midlands

DY8 1LU

REGISTERED NUMBER:

08109449 (England and Wales)

AUDITORS:

Folkes Worton LLP

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor

15-17 Church Street

Stourbridge

West Midlands

DY8 1LU

The directors present their strategic report for the year ended 31 January 2026.

REVIEW OF BUSINESS

The principal activity of the company during the year was the manufacture of industrial furniture. The directors are of the opinion that the company’s performance met expectations, enabling the entity to achieve its goals. The directors deem the key performance indicators to be those that communicate the financial performance of the company, being turnover, gross margin, net profit, and net assets.

The turnover of the company has decreased in the year from £8,097,736 for the year ended 31 January 2025 to £7,973561 in the current year.

The gross margin for the year is 37% compared to 35% last year which appears to be comparable.

Profit for the year is £122,584 compared to loss before tax of £503 previous year, which is in line with the increase in profit margin figure shown above..

The directors consider investment to be a key source of growth for the business and have always looked to bring new ways of manufacturing to bear on its existing product line, as well as enabling it to develop new products.

The company has several financial instruments, comprising, bank balances, trade debtors, trade creditors, invoice finance and loans to the business. The main purpose being to finance the day-to-day activities of the business.

Liquidity risk is managed by maintaining a balance between cash in the current bank account and the flexibility of the invoice discounting. Sufficient funds are maintained to ensure upcoming payments are met.

Trade debtors are managed in respect of credit and cash flow risk by stringent policies concerning the amount of credit offered to customers and the amount of time granted on the debt. Customers are regularly monitored for both level of credit and time. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of any allowances for doubtful debtors.

Trade creditors are managed by ensuring sufficient funds are available to meet amounts due.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

The environment and market we operate in is extremely competitive and challenging, margins are continually being placed under pressure not only from existing competitors but also new entrants. However, with our strong management team and continuous drive to improve the products and the manufacturing process, we consider the company to be in a strong position to maintain its leading position in the market.

With this said, we remain aware that unforeseen national and international events, outside of our control, can have an impact on our plans and projections for the future, we are however, confident that we have the management team in place with diverse expertise to adapt to the prevailing conditions.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:

Mr P.J. Hargreaves - Director

28 September 2026

The directors present their report with the financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 January 2026.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY

The principal activity of the company in the year under review was that of manufacturing industrial furniture.

DIVIDENDS

An interim dividend of £64232.56 per share was paid on 31 January 2026. The directors recommend that no final dividend be paid.

The total distribution of dividends for the year ended 31 January 2026 will be £ 128,465 .

DIRECTORS

The directors shown below have held office during the whole of the period from 1 February 2025 to the date of this report.

Mr P.J. Hargreaves

Mr C J G Hargreaves

Mr N.G. Higgitt

Mr M R Quick

Mr A J Robinson

Mr S B Scott

Mr G.A. Scott

Mrs T Hargreaves

Mrs S J Higgitt

Other changes in directors holding office are as follows:

Mr B W Webster - resigned 1 July 2025

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Report of the Directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

-	select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

-	make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

-	prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS

So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the company's auditors are unaware, and each director has taken all the steps that he or she ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself or herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information.

AUDITORS

The auditors, Folkes Worton LLP, will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting following their appointment this year.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:

Mr P.J. Hargreaves - Director

28 September 2026

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Quality Metal Products Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 31 January 2026 which comprise the Income Statement, Other Comprehensive Income, Balance Sheet, Statement of Changes in Equity, Cash Flow Statement and Notes to the Cash Flow Statement, Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

-	give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 January 2026 and of its profit for the year then ended;

-	have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and

-	have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors, but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

-	the information given in the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

-	the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Report of the Directors.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

-	adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

-	the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

-	certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or

-	we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out on page three, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

The key procedures we undertook to detect irregularities including fraud during the course of the audit included:

- Identifying and testing journal entries and the overall accounting records, in particular those that were significant and unusual.

- Reviewing the financial statement disclosures and determining whether accounting policies have been appropriately applied,

- Reviewing and challenging the assumptions and judgements used by management in their significant accounting estimates,

- Assessing the extent of compliance, or lack of, with the relevant laws and regulations,

- Testing key income lines, in particular cut-off, for evidence of management bias.

- Documenting and verifying all significant related party and consolidation balances and transactions.

- We have reviewed intergroup transactions to ensure these were at an arm's length.

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards. For example, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations (irregularities) is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely the inherently limited procedures required by auditing standards would identify it. In addition, as with any audit, there remains a risk of not detecting irregularities, as these may include collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or the override of internal controls. We are not responsible for preventing non-compliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Mr Neil Smith (Senior Statutory Auditor)

for and on behalf of Folkes Worton LLP

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor

15-17 Church Street

Stourbridge

West Midlands

DY8 1LU

28 September 2026

TURNOVER

3

7,973,561

8,097,736

Cost of sales

4,995,280

5,288,012

GROSS PROFIT

2,978,281

2,809,724

Administrative expenses

2,791,053

2,713,965

187,228

95,759

Other operating income

58,655

50,105

OPERATING PROFIT

5

245,883

145,864

Interest receivable and similar income

6

706

1,421

246,589

147,285

Interest payable and similar expenses

7

124,005

147,788

PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAXATION

122,584

(503

)

Tax on profit/(loss)

8

37,038

4,052

PROFIT/(LOSS) FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR

85,546

(4,555

)

PROFIT/(LOSS) FOR THE YEAR

85,546

(4,555

)

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

-

-

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR

85,546

(4,555

)

FIXED ASSETS

Intangible assets

10

-

-

Tangible assets

11

5,470,821

5,596,454

5,470,821

5,596,454

CURRENT ASSETS

Stocks

12

995,095

1,049,966

Debtors

13

1,889,484

2,194,936

Cash at bank and in hand

408,060

46,959

3,292,639

3,291,861

CREDITORS

Amounts falling due within one year

14

2,155,597

2,193,570

NET CURRENT ASSETS

1,137,042

1,098,291

TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES

6,607,863

6,694,745

CREDITORS

Amounts falling due after more than one year

15

(2,398,496

)

(2,417,875

)

PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES

19

(952,341

)

(976,925

)

NET ASSETS

3,257,026

3,299,945

CAPITAL AND RESERVES

Called up share capital

20

2

2

Revaluation reserve

21

2,080,047

2,109,163

Capital redemption reserve

21

1

1

Retained earnings

21

1,176,976

1,190,779

SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS

3,257,026

3,299,945

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 28 September 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:

Mr P.J. Hargreaves - Director

Called up

Capital

share

Retained

Revaluation

redemption

Total

capital

earnings

reserve

reserve

equity

£

£

£

£

£

Balance at 1 February 2024

2

1,210,699

2,138,279

1

3,348,981

Changes in equity

Dividends

-

(44,481

)

-

-

(44,481

)

Total comprehensive income

-

24,561

(29,116

)

-

(4,555

)

Balance at 31 January 2025

2

1,190,779

2,109,163

1

3,299,945

Changes in equity

Dividends

-

(128,465

)

-

-

(128,465

)

Total comprehensive income

-

114,662

(29,116

)

-

85,546

Balance at 31 January 2026

2

1,176,976

2,080,047

1

3,257,026

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash generated from operations

1

898,776

314,029

Interest paid

(97,341

)

(117,851

)

Interest element of hire purchase payments paid

(26,664

)

(29,937

)

Tax paid

(13,435

)

(100

)

Net cash from operating activities

761,336

166,141

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of tangible fixed assets

(123,259

)

(13,885

)

Sale of tangible fixed assets

-

9,753

Interest received

706

1,421

Net cash from investing activities

(122,553

)

(2,711

)

Cash flows from financing activities

Repayment of bank loans

(126,509

)

(184,124

)

Capital repayments in year

(22,708

)

(17,110

)

Equity dividends paid

(128,465

)

(44,481

)

Net cash from financing activities

(277,682

)

(245,715

)

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

361,101

(82,285

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

2

46,959

129,244

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2

408,060

46,959

1.	RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAXATION TO CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS

2026

2025

£

£

Profit/(loss) before taxation

122,584

(503

)

Depreciation charges

248,893

255,566

Loss on disposal of fixed assets

-

13,006

Finance costs

124,005

147,788

Finance income

(706

)

(1,421

)

494,776

414,436

Decrease in stocks

54,871

16,656

Decrease/(increase) in trade and other debtors

305,452

(369,893

)

Increase in trade and other creditors

43,677

252,830

Cash generated from operations

898,776

314,029

2.	CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Cash Flow Statement in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Balance Sheet amounts:

Year ended 31 January 2026

31/1/26

1/2/25

£

£

Cash and cash equivalents

408,060

46,959

Year ended 31 January 2025

31/1/25

1/2/24

£

£

Cash and cash equivalents

46,959

129,244

3.	ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET DEBT

At 1/2/25

Cash flow

At 31/1/26

£

£

£

Net cash

Cash at bank and in hand

46,959

361,101

408,060

46,959

361,101

408,060

Debt

Finance leases

(700,410

)

22,708

(677,702

)

Debts falling due within 1 year

(189,048

)

80,952

(108,096

)

Debts falling due after 1 year

(1,374,269

)

45,556

(1,328,713

)

(2,263,727

)

149,216

(2,114,511

)

Total

(2,216,768

)

510,317

(1,706,451

)

1.	STATUTORY INFORMATION

Quality Metal Products Limited is a private company, limited by shares , registered in England and Wales. The company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page.

2.	ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, modified to include the revaluation of freehold properties and to include investment properties and certain financial instruments at fair value. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

Significant judgements and estimates

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The estimates and assumptions which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are as follows.

Investment property

The property is held at fair value based on the market value of the property at the reporting date.

Going concern

At the time of approving the financial statements, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus the directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

Turnover

Turnover is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for goods provided in the normal course of business, and is shown net of VAT and other sales related taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into account trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.

When cash inflows are deferred and represent a financing arrangement, the fair value of the consideration is the present value of the future receipts. The difference between the fair value of the consideration and the nominal amount received is recognised as interest income.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer (usually on despatch of the goods), the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Revenue from rentals of property are recognised when the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economical benefits associated with the transactions will flow to the entity and the costs incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquisition of unincorporated businesses over the fair value of net assets acquired. It is initially recognised as an asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is considered to have a finite useful life and is amortised on a systematic basis over its expected life, which is five years.

The goodwill within the financial statements relates to the purchase of a business in 2012 which has now been fully amortised.

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to the cash-generating units expected to benefit from the acquisition. Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially measured at cost. After initial recognition, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Freehold land and buildings

2% on cost

Plant and equipment

10% - 20% on cost

Fixtures and fittings

2% - 33% on cost

Motor vehicles

20% on cost

Freehold land is not depreciated.

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

At each reporting period end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.

Stocks held for distribution at no or nominal consideration are measured at the lower of cost and replacement cost, adjusted where applicable for any loss of service potential.

Cost is calculated using the first in, first out formula.

At each reporting date, an assessment is made for impairment. Any excess of the carrying amount of stocks over its estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell is recognised as an impairment loss in profit or loss. Reversals of impairment losses are also recognised in profit or loss.

Financial instruments

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 'Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's statement of financial position when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances and loans to connected companies, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Basic financial liabilities

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction

Taxation

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

Foreign exchange

Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.

Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the statement of financial position as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Rental income from operating leases is recognised on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised on a straight line basis over the lease term.

Employee and retirement benefits

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts.

Debts

The company's debts are factored, with the company retaining the benefits and risks of the debts. Separate presentation has been included with the debts disclosed in current assets and the amounts due to or from the factoring company show in current assets or liabilities.

Loans and borrowings

Loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the transaction price including transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less impairment. If an arrangement constitutes a finance transaction it is measured at present value.