| 3 | Accounting policies | | | | | | | | |
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| Revenue recognition | | |
| Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Turnover is reduced
for estimated customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances.
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all the following conditions are satisfied:
• the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the
goods;
• the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated
with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
• the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
• it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company;
and
• the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
Specifically, revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when goods are delivered and legal title is
passed. |
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| Intangible fixed assets | | | | | | | | |
| Intangible fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses. |
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| Tangible fixed assets and depreciation | | | | | | | | |
| Tangible fixed assets held for the company's own use are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.
At each balance sheet date, the company reviews the carrying amount of its tangible fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that any items have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss. |
| Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off the cost or valuation less the estimated residual value of each asset over its estimated useful life: |
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| | Motor vehicles | | 20%% Straight line | | | | | | |
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| Leased assets |
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| Right-to-use assets |
| The company recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability at the commencement date of the lease.
Right-of use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities.
Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognised immediately in the profit and loss account.
Right-to-use assets are depreciated over the lease term, or over the useful economic life of the asset, in line with the depreciation rates for owned assets.
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| Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets |
| The company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to leases that have a term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and which do not contain a purchase option.
It also applies the low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of low-value equipment.
Lease payments on short-term and leases of low-value assets are recognised as an expenses on a straight-line basis in the profit and loss Account over the lease term.
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| Research and development costs | | | | | | | | |
| Expenditure on research and development is written off in the year it is incurred unless it meets the criteria to allow it to be capitalised. Costs of research are always written off in the year in which they are incurred. Where development costs are recognised as an asset, they are amortised over the period expected to benefit from them. Amortisation of the capitalised costs begins once the developed product comes into use, typically at rate of 33.33% straight line. |
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| Taxation | | | | | | | | |
| Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in the profit and loss account because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company's liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Current or deferred tax for the year is recognised in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. |
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| Freehold investment property | | | | | | | | |
| Investment properties are revalued annually and any surplus or deficit is dealt with through the profit and loss account.
No depreciation is provided in respect of investment properties. |
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| Investments | | | | | | | | |
| Unlisted investments (except those held as subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures) are recognised initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, any changes in fair value are recognised in profit and loss. |
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| Stocks | | | | | | | | |
| Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Costs, which comprise direct production costs, are based on the method most appropriate to the type of inventory class, but usually on a first-in-first-out basis. Overheads are charged to profit or loss as incurred. Net realisable value is based on the estimated selling price less any estimated completion or selling costs.
When stocks are sold, the carrying amount of those stocks is recognised as an expense in the period in which the related revenue is recognised. The amount of any write-down of stocks to net realisable value and all losses of stocks are recognised as an expense in the period in which the write-down or loss occurs. The amount of any reversal of any write-down of stocks is recognised as a reduction in the amount of inventories recognised as an expense in the period in which the reversal occurs.
Work in progress is reflected in the accounts on a contract by contract basis by recording revenue and related costs as contract activity progresses. |
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| Trade and other debtors | | | | | | | | |
| Trade and other debtors are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts. |
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| Trade and other creditors | | | | | | | | |
| Short term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method. |
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| Foreign currencies | | | | | | | | |
| The functional and presentational currency of the company is Sterling. The accounts are rounded to the nearest pound. |
| Transactions in currencies, other than the functional currency of the Company, are recorded at the rate of exchange on the date the transaction occurred. Monetary items denominated in other currencies are translated at the rate prevailing at the end of the reporting period. All differences are taken to the profit and loss account. Non-monetary items that are measured at historic cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. |
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| Employee benefits | | | | | | | | |
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| Provisions |
| Provisions are made where an event has taken place that gives the Company a legal or constructive obligation that probably requires settlement by a transfer of economic benefit, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.Provisions are charged as an expense to the profit and loss account in the year that the Company becomes aware of the obligation, and are measured at the best estimate at balance sheet date of the expenditure required to settle the obligation, taking into account relevant risks and uncertainties.When payments are eventually made, they are charged to the provision carried in the balance sheet. |
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| 5 | Taxation |
| | (a) Tax on profit on ordinary activities | | | | 2026 | | | | 2025 |
| | The tax charge is made up as follows: | | | | £ | | | | £ |
| | UK corporation tax | | | | | | | | |
| | Charge for the period | | | | 118 | | | | 168 |
| | Total corporation tax | | | | 118.00 | | | | 168.00 |
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| | Tax on profit on ordinary activities | | | | 118 | | | | 168 |
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| | (b) Factors affecting the total tax charge for the period | | | | | | |
| | The tax assessed for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The differences are reconciled below: |
| | Higher | | | | | | | | 2026 | | | | 2025 |
| | 118 | | | | | | | | £ | | | | £ |
| | Profit on ordinary activities before tax | | | | 10,713 | | | | (460) |
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| | Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the United Kingdom | | - | | | | - |
| | Expenses not deductible for tax purposes | | 118 | | | | 168 |
| | Tax on profit on ordinary activities | | | | 118 | | | | 168 |
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