The directors of the company have elected not to include a copy of the profit and loss account within the financial statements.true

For the financial year ended 28 February 2025 the company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476.

These financial statements have been prepared and delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

CSols Limited is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is The Heath, Runcorn, Cheshire, United Kingdom, WA7 4QX.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 as applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime. The disclosure requirements of section 1A of FRS 102 have been applied other than where additional disclosure is required to show a true and fair view.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

The company has taken advantage of the exemption under section 399 of the Companies Act 2006 not to prepare consolidated accounts, on the basis that the group of which this is the parent qualifies as a small group. The financial statements present information about the company as an individual entity and not about its group.

The directors have assessed the company's performance, projected income and expenditure and financial position since the balance sheet date and considered its ability to meet its liabilities as they fall due for a period of at least 12 months from the date of these accounts. In making their assessment the directors have considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. true

The directors are confident in the recovery of trading balances due from and other amounts advanced to related parties. The company has secured medium term funding from small business lenders and the directors are confident in the company's ability to service external debt and to meet capital repayment terms and related conditions. The company is reliant upon the continued support of its funders, including the majority shareholder and director, and the directors have no reason to believe such support will not be forthcoming.

Accordingly, the accounts are prepared on the going concern basis as the directors believe the necessary finance will continue to be made available in the foreseeable future to enable the company to meet its liabilities as they fall due.

Turnover is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for goods and services provided in the normal course of business, and is shown net of VAT and other sales related taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into account trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.

Turnover from support agreements is released over the period of the contract to ensure income is recognised in the profit and loss account in the period in which services are provided. Any amounts invoiced, but for which contract services have not yet been provided, are recognised as deferred income. Any amounts not yet invoiced, but for which contract services have been provided, are recognised as accrued income.

Research expenditure is written off against profits in the year in which it is incurred. Identifiable development expenditure is capitalised to the extent that the technical, commercial and financial feasibility can be demonstrated. Such expenditure is capitalised and amortised over the asset's useful economic life, deemed to be 3 years, commencing in the year following its initial capitalisation.

Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are recognised at cost and are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

Interests in subsidiaries, associates and jointly controlled entities are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. The investments are assessed for impairment at each reporting date and any impairment losses or reversals of impairment losses are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the company. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.

At each reporting period end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).

Cash at bank and in hand are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs.

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the profit and loss account, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leases asset are consumed.

Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.

The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the company during the year was:

Details of the company's subsidiaries at 28 February 2025 are as follows:

Bank loans and overdrafts due within one year totalling £20,922 (2024: £49,184) secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the company.

Bank loans and overdrafts due within one year totalling £43,702 (2024: £39,181) secured by way of personal guarantee provided by director Dr P J Goddard.

Included within other creditors due with one year are amounts totalling £6,000 (2024: £5.481) owing to director S R Goddard.

Bank loans and overdrafts due after more than one year totalling £245,271 (2024: £262,910) secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the company.

Bank loans and overdrafts due after more than one year totalling £Nil (2024: £12,442) are secured by way of personal guarantee provided by director Dr P J Goddard.

On 1 May 2017, the company offered security on a loan provided by the Isle of Man Department of Economic Development to XLabs Limited, a company incorporated in the Isle of Man. The original loan was for £130,000 and security has been provided on this amount and all other amounts which may thereafter become owing from XLabs Limited to the Isle of Man Department of Economic Development.

During the year the company entered into the following transactions with related parties:

During the year, purchases and sales were made with Dendrite Labs Limited, a related party due to common shareholders. Purchases amounted to £223,565 (2024: £92,574) and sales amounted to £225,826 (2024: £34,209). At the balance sheet date a trading balance of £200,272 (2024: £25,686) was due from Dendrite Labs Limited. A further loan balance of £301,481 (2024: £360,710) was due from Dendrite Labs Limited at the year end.

During the year, purchases and sales were made with Labmotive Limited, a 100% owned subsidiary. Purchases amounted to £43,804 (2024: £199,581) and sales amounted to £45,511 (2024: £70,327). At the balance sheet date a trading balance amounting to £146,248 (2024: £70,327) was due from Labmotive Limited. A further loan balance of £148,762 (2024: £269,266) was also due from Labmotive Limited.

During the year, sales were made to and purchases were made from XLabs Limited, a company incorporated in the Isle of Man which is a related party due to common shareholders. Sales amounted to £nil (2024: £Nil) and purchases amounted to £151,962 (2024:156,024). At the balance sheet date a trading balance of £318,756 (2024: £Nil) was due from XLabs Limited, as well as a loan balance of £65,043 (2024: £63,100.) At the balance sheet date, a trading balance of £248,075 (2024: £Nil) was owed to XLabs Limited.

During the year, sales and purchases were made with CSols Labs Limited, a 92% owned subsidiary. Sales amounted to £34,804 (2024: £93,585) and purchases amounted to £104,521 (2024: £111,262). At the balance sheet date a trading balance of £175,115 (2024: £42,357) was due from CSols Labs Limited, as well as a loan balance of £160,497 (2024: £157,250.) At the balance sheet, Csols Labs Limited were owed a trade balance of £95,208 ( 2024: £51,249) and a loan balance of £92 ( 2024: £92).

Amounts totalling £61,769 (2024: £51,623) are secured by way of personal guarantee provided by director Dr P J Goddard.